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India's all big and small political parties


National Parties

1. Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)

POLITICS, INDIA, National Parties, Regional Parties, Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), Indian National Congress (INC), Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP)


The Bharatiya Janata Party is India’s largest political party and is currently in power. It is primarily dominant in the northern, central, and western regions of India, especially in Hindi-speaking states. The party follows a right-wing ideology and is often seen as the largest proponent of Hindutva. Its core principles include economic liberalization and nationalism. Since 2014, it has emerged as the dominant ruling party of the country. It was founded in 1980 by former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Lal Krishna Advani. Currently, Narendra Modi serves as India’s Prime Minister from this party.


2. Indian National Congress (INC)

POLITICS, INDIA, National Parties, Regional Parties, Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), Indian National Congress (INC), Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP)


The Indian National Congress is considered the oldest political party in India. It has historically had influence across almost every state. The party primarily follows a left-wing ideology, advocating for social liberalism and secularism. After India’s independence and until 2014, it was the dominant ruling party. It was founded in 1885 by A.O. Hume and Dadabhai Naoroji. Many of India's Prime Ministers have come from this party, including Jawaharlal Nehru, Indira Gandhi, Rajiv Gandhi, P.V. Narasimha Rao, Manmohan Singh, Lal Bahadur Shastri, and Gulzari Lal Nanda (interim).


3. Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP)

POLITICS, INDIA, National Parties, Regional Parties, Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), Indian National Congress (INC), Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP)


The Bahujan Samaj Party primarily has influence in Uttar Pradesh and some areas of Madhya Pradesh and Punjab. It focuses on Dalit empowerment and social justice. Its ideology is strongly influenced by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar’s philosophy. The party was founded in 1984 by Kanshi Ram.


4. Communist Party of India (CPI)


This party has influence in states like Kerala, Tamil Nadu, and West Bengal. It adheres to Marxism, Leninism, leftist, and agrarian socialist ideologies. It was founded in 1925 by leaders like S.A. Dange and M.N. Roy.


5. Communist Party of India (Marxist) [CPI(M)]


This party has significant influence in Kerala, Tripura, and West Bengal. It follows Marxist ideology and is known for its commitment to secularism. It split from CPI in 1964 and was founded by E.M.S. Namboodiripad.


6. National People’s Party (NPP)


The NPP is mainly influential in the Northeastern states such as Meghalaya, Nagaland, and Manipur. It focuses on tribal rights and regional autonomy. It was founded in 2013 by P.A. Sangma.


7. Aam Aadmi Party (AAP)


The Aam Aadmi Party is one of the main parties in India today. Its influence is mainly seen in Delhi, Punjab, Goa, and Gujarat. The party leans left and focuses on fighting corruption and promoting welfare policies. It was founded in 2012 by Arvind Kejriwal.


Regional Parties

1. Shiv Sena (UBT)


A prominent regional party in Maharashtra, Shiv Sena (UBT) emphasizes Marathi regionalism, secularism, and nationalism. It was founded in 1966 by Bal Thackeray.


2. Shiv Sena (Shinde)


This faction split from Shiv Sena (UBT) in 2022. It supports Hindutva and is considered close to the BJP. It was founded by Eknath Shinde.


3. Nationalist Congress Party (NCP)


A major party in Maharashtra, NCP believes in secularism and social democracy. It was founded in 1999 by Sharad Pawar.


4. Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK)


A major party in Tamil Nadu that promotes Dravidian ideology, the Dravidian movement, and social justice. Founded in 1949 by C.N. Annadurai.


5. All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK)

Another major party in Tamil Nadu, it also follows Dravidian ideology with a populist approach. It was founded in 1972 by M.G. Ramachandran.

6. Biju Janata Dal (BJD)

A major regional party in Odisha, BJD emphasizes Odia regionalism, centrism, and socialism. It was founded in 1997 by Naveen Patnaik.

7. Trinamool Congress (TMC)

A key party in West Bengal that advocates Bengali nationalism and secularism. It was founded in 1998 by Mamata Banerjee.

8. Telangana Rashtra Samithi (Now Bharat Rashtra Samithi - BRS)

Originally focused on Telangana regionalism, the party has expanded its ambitions nationwide. It focuses on statehood and nationalism.

9. Telugu Desam Party (TDP)

A prominent party in Andhra Pradesh that supports regional autonomy and liberal economic policies. Founded in 1982 by N.T. Rama Rao.

10. YSR Congress Party (YSRCP)

A leading party in Andhra Pradesh known for welfare schemes. It was founded in 2011 by Jagan Mohan Reddy.

11. Janata Dal (United) [JDU]

A key political party in Bihar, JDU promotes social justice and secularism. It was formed in 2003 by Sharad Yadav and Nitish Kumar.

12. Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD)

Another major Bihar-based party, RJD advocates for Yadav-Dalit empowerment, Muslim rights, and socialism. Founded in 1997 by Lalu Prasad Yadav.

13. Samajwadi Party (SP)

A dominant party in Uttar Pradesh, SP champions socialism and the rights of Yadavs, Muslims, and backward communities. Founded in 1992 by Mulayam Singh Yadav.

14. Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM)

A major party in Jharkhand that primarily speaks for tribal rights. It was founded in 1972 by Shibu Soren.

15. All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen (AIMIM)

The party has influence in Hyderabad, Telangana, Maharashtra, and Bihar. It advocates for Muslim rights. Originally founded in 1927 by Sultan Salahuddin Owaisi, it was reorganized in 1984.

16. Lok Janshakti Party (LJP)

A significant party in Bihar focused on Dalit rights. It was founded in 2000 by Ram Vilas Paswan.

17. Indian Union Muslim League (IUML)

A key party in Kerala that advocates for the rights of the Muslim minority. Founded in 1948.

18. Apna Dal (S)

A regional party in Uttar Pradesh that supports OBC rights. It was founded in 1995 by Dr. Sonelal Patel.

19. All India Forward Bloc (AIFB)

Active mainly in Tamil Nadu and West Bengal, this is a left-wing nationalist party.

20. Asom Gana Parishad (AGP)

A regional party in Assam that promotes Assamese nationalism and the protection of indigenous rights.

21. Pattali Makkal Katchi (PMK)

A Tamil Nadu-based party that represents the Vanniyar community and focuses on caste-based rights and reservation.

22. Revolutionary Socialist Party (RSP)

A leftist political party with influence in Kerala and West Bengal, focused on socialism and labor rights.

23. Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam (DMDK)

A regional party in Tamil Nadu founded by actor Vijayakanth in 2005, advocating for clean governance and regional pride.

24. Zoram People’s Movement (ZPM)

A regional party in Mizoram, emphasizing good governance and development.

25. United Democratic Party (UDP)

A key party in Meghalaya focused on protecting tribal interests and cultural identity.

26. People’s Democratic Party (PDP)

A Jammu & Kashmir-based party that advocates for peace, dialogue, and autonomy in the region.

27. Jammu and Kashmir National Conference (NC)

One of the oldest parties in Jammu & Kashmir, it promotes Kashmiri autonomy, secularism, and regional identity.


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